Software Update
apt is a command-line utility for installing, updating, removing, and managing deb packages on Ubuntu, Debian, and related Linux distributions.
The software and commands we commonly use can be downloaded from apt.
1 Update and upgrade
A device running a Linux operating system depends on millions of lines of code. Over time, these millions of lines will expose well-known vulnerabilities, which are recorded in publicly available databases — meaning they can be easily exploited.
In addition, some software depends on the latest packages; updating and upgrading also keeps things compatible with more software.
Tips
When we flash a new image or find that some software cannot be installed, we recommend using apt to update and upgrade.
Warning
The apt command requires a network connection to use.
#更新软件包数据库
sudo apt update
#升级已安装的软件包
sudo apt upgrade2 Change the apt software source
The board ships with the USTC (University of Science and Technology of China) software source. If you want to switch the source yourself, we recommend choosing a domestic source with good throughput.
Before changing the source, you can back it up so that you can recover from an incorrect configuration.
#备份软件源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
#编辑你要使用的软件源
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
#更新软件源
sudo apt update
#升级
sudo apt upgradeTo restore the USTC source:
#修改软件源为中科大软件源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list.backup /etc/apt/sources.list
#更新软件源
sudo apt update
#升级
sudo apt upgrade3 Common apt commands
3.1 Update the package database with apt
apt essentially works against a database of available packages. If the database is not updated, the system will not know whether newer packages are available. That is why the first thing to do after installing any Linux system is to update the apt database.
sudo apt updateWhen you run this command, you will see package information retrieved from various servers.
3.2 Install a package with apt
sudo apt install package_name
#如果出于某种原因，你想安装一个软件包，但不想升级，那么如果已经安装了，就可以升级。
sudo apt install <package_name> --no-upgrade
#如果只想升级软件包，但不想安装（如果尚未安装），可以使用以下命令进行升级
sudo apt install <package_name> --only-upgrade
#使用apt安装软件的特定版本
#默认情况下，将为应用程序安装存储库中可用的最新版本。但如果不想安装最新版本，可以指定版本号。您需要知道要安装的确切版本号-
#只需使用包的名称添加=version。
sudo apt install <package_name>=<version_number>3.3 Remove a package with apt
Before removing or installing a new package, information about the package's dependencies, install size, source, and so on can be useful.
sudo apt show package_name3.4 Clean the downloaded archive files with apt
sudo apt-get clean3.5 Download source code with apt
sudo apt-get source <packages>3.6 Inspect package dependencies with apt
sudo apt-cache depends <packages>3.7 Check package dependencies with apt
sudo apt-get check