ARM64 Cross-Compiler Environment Setup

Demo overview

QT executables compiled on the PC are x86-architecture and cannot run on an ARM-architecture development board. You need to set up a cross-compilation environment on the PC to produce ARM-architecture executables.

PC environment:

  • PC system: Ubuntu 20.04 (x86_64) (both the VMware and Ubuntu image files are under 05-Development Materials\03-QT Development Materials)
  • Qt version: Qt 5.12.9 (GCC 9.4.0, 64-bit)
  • Cross-compiler: aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc (Ubuntu 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.2) 9.4.0

Cross-compilation

First, install the cross-compiler on Ubuntu.

sudo apt install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu g++-aarch64-linux-gnu
#查看是否安装，版本号--9.4.0
aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc --version

Copy the qt-everywhere-src-5.12.9.tar archive from the 05-Development Materials\03-QT Development Materials directory to the Ubuntu home directory and extract it.

tar -xvf qt-everywhere-src-5.12.9.tar

Open qt-everywhere-src-5.12.8/qtbase/mkspecs/linux-aarch64-gnu-g++/qmake.conf and change the compiler path in the red box to the path of the compiler you just downloaded (sudo apt install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu) — when installed via apt it is usually under /usr/bin. Save the file after editing.

QT1

In the home directory, right-click and create two directories: "Qt-5.12.9-build" and "Qt-5.12.9-arm64".

Enter the Qt-5.12.9-build directory and run the following command to generate the Makefile.

./../qt-everywhere-src-5.12.9/configure -prefix /home/ubuntu/Qt-5.12.9-arm64 -make libs -xplatform linux-aarch64-gnu-g++  -skip qtdeclarative -no-opengl
QT0

If you get the error shown above, run:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential

During the process there are two prompts; enter "o" and "y" respectively. When finished, you can see that a Makefile has been generated in this directory.

QT2

Continue in the Qt-5.12.9-build directory and run the following command to start compiling (about 10 minutes).

make -j4 2>&1 | tee build.log

After compilation finishes, continue in the Qt-5.12.9-build directory and run:

make install

When finished, open the Qt-5.12.9-arm64 directory; qmake is in the bin subdirectory.

QT6

Install and configure the environment

Copy the qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.12.9.run file from the 05-Development Materials\03-QT Development Materials directory to the Ubuntu home directory. In the terminal, navigate to the home directory and run the following command to open the installer.

chmod +x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.12.9.run
./ qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.12.9.run

If you are asked to log in to an account, you can disconnect from the network and exit, then re-run the command above — you can then install without logging in. Follow the installer to select the installation configuration as needed.

QT7

After installation, open Qt and configure the environment with the following steps.

QT12

Click Add for GCC-C / GCC-C++ and add the aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc and aarch64-linux-gnu-g++ cross-compilers you just downloaded (when installed with sudo they are usually under /usr/bin).

QT8

Click Qt-Version, click Add, and add the qmake file you just built (inside bin), giving it a version name. Warnings can be ignored.

QT9

Click Kit, enter any name, select the compilers you just added for C and C++, and select the Qt version added in the previous step for Qt version.

QT10

Create a new project and select the configured build environment.

QT11

Build the project to obtain an ARM-architecture executable. The RK3568 already has a QT environment deployed — just copy the executable to the board, change its permissions, and run it in the terminal, or double-click it with the mouse to open it.