Flashing Guide

1 Windows flashing instructions

The SDK provides a Windows flashing tool (tool version must be V3.31 or above). The tool is located in the project root directory:

tools/
├── windows/RKDevTool

As shown below, after compiling the corresponding firmware, the device must enter MASKROM or LOADER flashing mode to be flashed. Prepare a USB cable with male connectors on both ends: connect one end to the PC, plug the other end into the board's USB-OTG port, hold down the "UBOOT" button while powering on the board to enter flashing mode, load the path of the compiled firmware, and click "Execute" to flash. The following shows the flashing files for LOADER mode.

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(Note: the Windows PC must run the tool with administrator privileges to execute.)

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Note: before flashing, you must install the latest USB driver. The driver is located at:

<SDK>/tools/windows/DriverAssitant_v5.13.zip

2 Linux flashing instructions

The Linux flashing tool is located in the tools/linux directory (Linux_Upgrade_Tool version must be V2.36 or above). Make sure your board is connected in MASKROM/loader rockusb mode. For example, if the compiled firmware is in the rockdev directory, the upgrade commands are as follows:

sudo ./upgrade_tool ul rockdev/MiniLoaderAll.bin -noreset
sudo ./upgrade_tool di -p rockdev/parameter.txt
sudo ./upgrade_tool di -u rockdev/uboot.img
sudo ./upgrade_tool di -misc rockdev/misc.img
sudo ./upgrade_tool di -b rockdev/boot.img
sudo ./upgrade_tool di -recovery rockdev/recovery.img
sudo ./upgrade_tool di -oem rockdev/oem.img
sudo ./upgrade_tool di -rootfs rocdev/rootfs.img
sudo ./upgrade_tool di -userdata rockdev/userdata.img
sudo ./upgrade_tool rd

Or upgrade with the complete packed firmware:

sudo ./upgrade_tool uf rockdev/update.img

Or, from the root directory, run the following upgrade while the device is in MASKROM state:

./rkflash.sh

3 System partition description

Default partition description (the following is the RK3568 EVB partition reference):

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  • uboot partition: holds the uboot.img produced by the uboot build.
  • misc partition: holds misc.img, used by recovery.
  • boot partition: holds the boot.img produced by the kernel build.
  • recovery partition: holds the recovery.img produced by the recovery build.
  • backup partition: reserved, currently unused.
  • rootfs partition: holds the rootfs.img produced by Buildroot, Debian, or Yocto.
  • oem partition: for manufacturer use, storing vendor apps or data; mounted at /oem.
  • userdata partition: for apps to write temporary files or for end-user use; mounted at /userdata.