Software Update
apt is a command-line utility for installing, updating, removing, and managing deb packages on Ubuntu, Debian, and related Linux distributions.
The software and commands we commonly use can be downloaded from apt.
1 Update and Upgrade
Devices running the Linux operating system depend on millions of lines of code. Over time, these millions of lines of code will expose well-known vulnerabilities, which are recorded in publicly available databases, meaning they can be easily exploited.
In addition, some software also depends on the latest packages; updating and upgrading can also be compatible with more software.
Tips
When we flash a new image or encounter software that cannot be installed, we recommend using apt to update and upgrade.
Warning
The apt command requires a network connection when used.
#更新软件包数据库
sudo apt update
#升级已安装的软件包
sudo apt upgrade2 Modifying the apt Software Source
The board uses the USTC (University of Science and Technology of China) software source by default from the factory. If you want to change the software source yourself, it is recommended to choose a domestic (China) software source with good throughput.
Before modifying the software source, you can back up the software source to prevent setting an incorrect software source.
#备份软件源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
#编辑你要使用的软件源
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
#更新软件源
sudo apt update
#升级
sudo apt upgradeTo change the software source back to USTC:
#修改软件源为中科大软件源
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list.backup /etc/apt/sources.list
#更新软件源
sudo apt update
#升级
sudo apt upgrade3 Common apt Commands
3.1 Updating the Package Database with apt
apt actually works on a database of available packages. If the database is not updated, the system will not know whether updated packages are available. That is why the first thing to do after installing any Linux system should be to update the apt database.
sudo apt updateWhen you run this command, you will see package information retrieved from various servers.
3.2 Installing Packages with apt
sudo apt install package_name
#如果出于某种原因，你想安装一个软件包，但不想升级，那么如果已经安装了，就可以升级。
sudo apt install <package_name> --no-upgrade
#如果只想升级软件包，但不想安装（如果尚未安装），可以使用以下命令进行升级
sudo apt install <package_name> --only-upgrade
#使用apt安装软件的特定版本
#默认情况下，将为应用程序安装存储库中可用的最新版本。但如果不想安装最新版本，可以指定版本号。您需要知道要安装的确切版本号-
#只需使用包的名称添加=version。
sudo apt install <package_name>=<version_number>3.3 Removing Packages with apt
Before removing or installing new packages, information about package dependencies, install size, package source, etc. can be useful.
sudo apt show package_name3.4 Cleaning up Downloaded File Archives with apt
sudo apt-get clean3.5 Downloading Software Source Code with apt
sudo apt-get source <packages>3.6 Understanding Software Dependencies with apt
sudo apt-cache depends <packages>3.7 Checking Software Dependencies with apt
sudo apt-get check